Sheldon Saul Hendler
See book keywords and concepts |  Others at special risk include: users of antacids containing aluminum, consumers of alcohol, users of cortisone, inactive people, people on low-calorie diets, high-protein diets and high-fiber diets, people who are intolerant of lactose (milk sugar) and pregnant women.
"Eating" our bones for calcium, rather than getting it from our diets, can have devastating clinical consequences. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |  Very rapid, low-calorie diets also are frequently associated with gallstone formation. Additionally, increased levels of estrogen are related to an increased risk of stones. Pregnancy increases estrogen levels, as do hormone replacement therapy and hormonal contraceptives.
Gallstone attacks frequently come after a large, fatty meal that follows a period of fasting. The pain associated with gallstones, steady and severe, is located in the upper abdomen. The pain may last from one to four hours and then be followed by a residual mild ache or soreness that may persist for a day or so. | | Low-calorie diets are necessary for weight loss until circulation is restored. (See overweight in Part Two.)
ţ If there is no obvious underlying physical cause of insomnia, doctors treat this condition with a variety of mild tranquilizers and antidepressants. In addition to other side effects, some of these drugs can be habit-forming, and some can cause daytime sleepiness.
Ll Drugs for asthma, high blood pressure, and Parkinson's disease frequently cause insomnia and/or nightmares. If you experience insomnia while taking prescription drugs for these conditions, consult a physician. |
Jean Carper
See book keywords and concepts |  Indeed, several studies show that rapid weight loss from low-fat, low-calorie diets (under 600 calories and less than three grams of fat a day) can cause gallstones in up to 50 percent of dieters. Those who are heaviest and lose the most pounds quickest are at highest risk. Further, says Dr. C. Wayne Callaway of George Washington University, dieters often have gallstones but never experience symptoms until they get off a drastic weight-loss diet and then try to eat normally. |
The Editors of Prevention Magazine Health Books
See book keywords and concepts |  According to diet research, the most popular diets—those emphasizing high or low levels of protein, carbohydrates and fat—all lead to deficiencies in important vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamins A and C, thiamin, iron and calcium. And low-calorie diets, even those that are well-balanced, typically lack folate, vitamin B6, magnesium and zinc.
"Nutrition is a problem when people restrict calories," says Dodd. |
Ronald Klatz and Robert Goldman
See book keywords and concepts |  But not only the elderly need to be concerned about a magnesium deficiency; also, diabetics, people on low-calorie diets, alcoholics, people with fat malabsorption problems, those who perform strenuous exercise and those who are taking prescribed heart medications need to be aware of their magnesium intakes and make sure that they are supplementing if they are deficient.
Animal studies suggest that the lower the levels of magnesium, the more rapidly the animal ages and the sooner it is likely to die. |
Annemarie Colbin
See book keywords and concepts |  I would like to limit the discussion to those diets that are relevant to our contemporary lifestyles: the standard American, the recommended American, specialized diets (the Pritikin diet, high-protein diets, low-calorie diets), the fortified natural-foods diet, the vegetarian diet in its various versions, and macrobiotics. In the following chapter I will examine what I like to call the Health-Supportive Whole-Foods Eating Style—my own choice, and the way of eating that I feel is most flexible and workable in our society. |
Elizabeth Somer, M.A., R.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  In fact, low-calorie diets often trigger binge eating in these people.
Why Thinness Becomes an Obsession
Given the profound social pressure to maintain thinness, it is amazing that more women do not develop eating disorders. Almost 90 percent of women wish they were thinner. What causes some to resort to self-destructive eating behaviors while others just diet a little and complain a lot about their weight? No one knows exactly. Anorexics and bulimics might have emotional struggles or problems stemming from childhood that underlie their eating disorders. |
Robert S. McCaleb, Evelyn Leigh, and Krista Morien
See book keywords and concepts |  By now, it is a well-known fact that extremely low-calorie diets ultimately fail because they push the body into "survival" mode, actually lowering the metabolic rate. A 1997 study in the American Journal of Physiology found that exercise effectively reverses the well-known drop in metabolism that accompanies low-calorie dieting. Researchers found that 45 minutes of exercise three times a week stabilized the dieters' ability to burn fat and their overall metabolic rates, compared with the group who dieted without exercising. |
Glenn W. Geelhoed, M.D. and Jean Barilla, M.S.
See book keywords and concepts |  In addition, because spirulina is so high in protein, minerals and essential fatty acids, it is a healthy energy food that is especially useful for people on low-calorie diets. Kelp is another seaweed that is an energy-booster.
Seaweed in your salad
Spirulina and other algaes can be purchased in powdered form and added to dressings or sprinkled directly on salad. Other types of seaweed such as Hikiki (a dark, spaghetti-looking seaweed) and Wakame and Nori (two other types of leafy seaweeds) are becoming more available through ethnic food stores and health food shops. |
Arthur C. Upton, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | What's more, very low-calorie diets (800 calories a day or less) can lead to serious health problems such as gallstones, kidney stones, psychological changes, and other complications. Lose weight slowly and steadily—one to two pounds weekly is best—until your goal weight is reached.
One pound of body fat contains 3,500 calories. To lose 1 pound of fat in a week, 3,500 calories need to be burned. By eating 500 calories less a day or burning it through exercise, 3,500 calories will be used over the course of seven days.
Diabetes. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler
See book keywords and concepts | | Iron supplementation is commonly recommended by pediatricians for infants and children at a dose of 10 to 12 milligrams daily (elemental iron). Pregnant and lactating women usually are prescribed 30 to 60 milligrams of iron daily. It is wise for adults on low-calorie diets to take 10 to 15 milligrams of supplemental iron daily. Adult men who eat well-balanced diets of 2,000 calories or more do not need iron supplements. Elderly persons who feel weak and tired most of the time should see their doctors before starting on iron, since they may be anemic from internal bleeding. |
The Complete Book of Alternative NutritionSelene Y. Craig, Jennifer Haigh, Sari Harrar and the Editors of PREVENTION Magazine Health Books
See book keywords and concepts | | The Okinawan Experience
Aside from the experiment with the Biospherians, it's hard to find examples of people who have eaten nutritious low-calorie diets long enough to reap the rewards. In places with an abundant supply of good food, like North America, calorie intake is too high. In less developed countries where people consume fewer calories, the food supply tends to be poor, and nutritional deficiencies are common.
One exception to this rule is the Japanese island of Okinawa, where the traditional diet is pretty close to the high-nutrition/low-calorie diet espoused by Dr. Walford. | | While this is safe for most healthy people, low-calorie diets aren't for everybody.
• People with diabetes should always consult a physician before changing their eating habits.
• Pregnant women should not be on the diet unless it's okayed by a doctor.
• Calorie restriction isn't recommended for children or teenagers who haven't reached their full adult stature. By all means, feed your kids this natural, nutrient-dense diet, counsels Roy L. Walford, M.D. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler
See book keywords and concepts | | Those at increased risk of such insufficiencies include people who eat low-calorie diets, the elderly, pregnant women, people on certain drugs (such as diuretics), vegetarians and those living where the soil is deficient in certain minerals. Vitamins are usually present in foods in similar amounts throughout the world, but this is not true of the minerals and trace elements. Because of differing geologic conditions, minerals and trace elements may be scarce in the soils of certain regions and rich in those of other regions. | | The list of those at risk for folic acid deficiency is quite a long one and includes alcoholics, pregnant women, the elderly, those on low-calorie diets, those with sickle cell anemia or other blood disorders in which there is an unusually high production of red blood cells, those with B12 deficiency, those with intestinal malabsorption problems and those taking certain medications. These medications include the anticonvulsants phenytoin (Dilantin), phenobarbitol and primidone, triamterene (found in Dyazide and Maxzide), oral contraceptives and sulfasalazine
(Azulfidine). |
Carol Krucoff and Mitchell Krucoff, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  But many don't realize that about half of the weight lost on extremely low-calorie diets isn't from fat, it's from lean tissue." It's important to eat enough to fuel your body, notes Farrell, who warns men not to eat less than 1,200 calories per day and women not to eat less than 1,000. Farrell recommends that half of the 300- to 500-calorie deficit come from eating less and half from exercising more.
"We generally advise people who want to lose weight to expend at least 250 calories more each day than they have in the past," he says. | | Be sure you eat enough to fuel your body (at least 2,100 calories per day for a man and 1,800 for a woman), since about half of the weight lost on extremely low-calorie diets isn't from fat but from muscle and bone.
* Reduce your intake of fats so they make up less than 30 percent of your diet.
^ Be as active as you can throughout the day. If you expend just 10 extra calories a day, over the course of a year you'll lose a pound of fat.
* Remember that one pound of fat equals 3,500 calories. |
Ronald L. Hoffman, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  This is a useful response that enables humans to get through famines and lean times, but it works against the whole idea of losing weight by going on periodic low-calorie diets. This kind of dieting is precisely what you should do if you want to build up your body's fat-retention capabilities. Further, repetitive cycles of starvation and the body's effort to overcome the effects of starvation, which is the binge, begin to powerfully distort the body's production of insulin. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler
See book keywords and concepts | | Among those at risk are people on low-calorie diets, alcoholics, pregnant women, the elderly in general, surgical patients, users of certain medications and strict vegetarians. Vitamin supplementation is prudent in those and other cases that will be identified in subsequent chapters.
Recently there has been in increasing tendency to use "megadose" quantities (greater than ten times the RDA) of certain vitamins for several reasons: to help with the stress of daily life, to protect against colds, to increase sexual prowess, etc. |
Elson M. Haas, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  On the other hand, some women put on weight very easily and have a difficult time losing it. Even low-calorie diets may not do the trick. Increased activity levels with a moderately caloric, balanced, high-vegetable, lean-protein diet may help them to reduce. Checking the thyroid hormone levels, assessing the caloric intake/utilization relationship to weight and energy maintenance and activity levels, and integrating and optimizing these will be helpful. (This is, of course, a wide concept. | | Before embarking on any low-calorie diets, we should have a complete exam, general biochemistry panel, and, if over 45, an electrocardiogram. A complete thyroid hormone panel is often useful to rule out low thyroid function, which could be a cause of weight gain or difficulty in losing weight. Blood fats, protein, potassium, and calcium levels are also important monitors in the process of weight loss. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler
See book keywords and concepts | | It is wise for adults on low-calorie diets to take 10 to 15 milligrams of supplemental iron daily. Adult men who eat well-balanced diets of 2,000 calories or more do not need iron supplements. Elderly persons who feel weak and tired most of the time should see their doctors before starting on iron, since they may be anemic from internal bleeding. Iron itself will do nothing to combat bleeding. In general, I see no reason for adults to consume more than 15 milligrams of iron daily (except during pregnancy or in the event of iron-deficiency anemia, which should be treated by a physician). |
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