| Urology 63:900-4, 2004]
Among men awaiting prostate surgery, a low-fat diet with 30 grams of flaxseed meal per day for 21-77 days experienced a drop in testosterone; PSA scores remained about the same, but Gleason scores dropped. [Urology 58:47-52, 2001]
Flaxseed, flax oil or flax lignans?
Which is the most beneficial way to acquire the therapeutic and preventive benefits of flaxseed? The question arises, is it flaxseed, or its lignan or oil fractions, that most inhibit cancer? |
Michael Friedman, ND
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 A diet higher in monounsaturated fat appeared to provide an advantage over a fiber-rich, high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on body fat distribution among type 2 diabetic subjects. The diet higher in monounsaturated fat generated proportional body fat loss from both upper and lower body. In contrast, the fiber-rich, high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet resulted in a disproportionate loss of lower-body fat, worsening the ratio between upper and lower body fat distribution. |
Bottom Line Health
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| The study did not prove that a low-fat diet can reduce cancer in women who did not have a history of the disease. Nor did it look at other nutritional factors, such as the consumption of fiber, fruits and vegetables, etc.
But more and more oncologists are convinced that future studies will continue to demonstrate that good nutrition can help guard against most types of malignancies.
A CANCER-PROTECTION PLAN
Diana Dyer, a registered dietitian and three-time cancer survivor, has reviewed the latest studies and interviewed top researchers to create an anticancer nutrition plan. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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 One of the best ways to achieve a high-fiber and low-fat diet is the vegan diet. This is a vegetarian diet in which absolutely no animal products are consumed. Strict vegan diets, which are typically very low in saturated fat and dietary cholesterol and high in fiber, can help maintain or achieve desirable blood levels by especially lowering the total cholesterol and the LDL cholesterol.99
Specific fruits or vegetables may also have a particular positive effecr on serum lipids. Raw carrots may have a more potent effect on lowering cholesterol than do oat products. |
Dr. Steven R. Gundry
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 Jed made a few changes, such as eating the "heart-healthy" low-fat diet prescribed by the hospital dietician. Six weeks later, his chest pain returned. The stent had closed up and one of the grafts was hanging by a thread. We inserted two more stents, but scans revealed poor blood flow to one-third of his heart muscle.
After being released from the hospital, Jed came back to my office. "Let's start again," he said. He began Diet Evolution that day. I also prescribed supplements to augment his diet—there was no time to lose. |
C. W. Randolph, M.D.
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 EAT FOODS THAT BALANCE YOUR HORMONES complaint I hear many times a day is "I try to eat a low-calorie, low-fat diet and I exercise regularly, but no matter what I do, those pounds around my middle just won't budge."
Does this sound familiar?
With an awareness of how certain foods can help to decrease the body's estrogen load, we have developed a diet, moderately high in calories, that allows for protein and healthy fats at every meal. It includes ample portions of "belly-blaster" foods that will reduce or eliminate your extra estrogen load. |
Joan Liebmann-Smith, Ph. D., and Jacqueline Nardi Egan
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 The tinny taste can also signal dry mouth or that you're on an excessively high-protein, low-fat diet. (See Bad Breath, below.)
SUPERSENSITIVE TASTE
The older you are, the more insensitive you are to taste: foods need to be 3 times sweeter, 4 times more sour, 7 times more bitter, and 11 times more salty for you to taste than when you were younger.
SIGNIFICANT FACT
Do you tend to find coffee too bitter, desserts too sweet, Mexican food too hot, and broccoli just too nasty to eat? If so, you may be what doctors call a supertaster. |
Michael Pollan
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 In the case of the Women's Health Initiative study of dietary fat, a $415 million undertaking sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, the eating habits and health outcomes of nearly forty-nine thousand women (aged fifty to seventy-nine) were tracked for eight years to assess the impact of a low-fat diet on a woman's risk of breast and colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease. Forty percent of the women were told to reduce their consumption of fat to 20 percent of total calories. |
Tori Hudson, N.D.
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| See the nutrition and dietary factors section for more about the Dean Ornish low-fat diet.
Smoking is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and heart attacks, even in premenopausal women. Smokers have three to five times the risk of coronary artery disease as nonsmokers, and smoking accounts for one-fifth of CVD deaths.39- 40 Even smoking only one to four cigarettes a day doubles a woman's risk of CVD. Smoking a pack or more per day may double to quadruple that. |
Hyla Cass
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 Perhaps you've made a shift to a low-fat diet based on that doctor's advice, rejecting eggs, whole-milk dairy products, butter, and meat in favor of "reduced-cholesterol egg products," skim milk, margarine, and foods made mostly with processed grains. Here's what your doctor may not have told you:
?A review of five big studies found that the risk of non-fatal heart attack and stroke was reduced by 1.4 percent in people on statin therapy—but that the rate of serious adverse effects rose 1.8 percent in those same people. |
Elaine Magee
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 In the recent Women's Intervention Nutrition Study, participants who followed a low-fat diet (around 20 percent of calories from fat) reduced their risks of recurrence from breast cancer during the next 5 years by 24 percent. It's possible, however, that the benefit came not from fat reduction itself but from another factor. For example, the women had been eating higher amounts of fruits and vegetables, which brought plenty of cancer-protective nutrients and fiber to the table. A lower-fat diet might also assist in weight loss, which also lowers cancer risk. |
| That came on top of the 12 mg/dL reductions seen with the low-fat diet alone! Antioxidants in oats cut cholesterol by suppressing the molecules that make blood cells stick to artery walls. When these cells stick to artery walls and cause inflammation, plaque deposits build up and narrow the passageways where blood flows, leading to "hardening of the arteries."
(continued on page 102)
While getting more fiber is a good reason to reach for that packet of oats in the morning, there's a lot more to oats, nutritionally speaking. |
| And if PMS is a problem, calcium and vitamin D together may ease symptoms (as part of a low-fat diet).
I'm not a milk drinker (just don't like it) or a cottage-cheese eater (don't care for the texture), but I have no problem ordering an iced or hot fat-free latte at a coffee bar. I also enjoy a nice serving of cheese almost every day and snack on yogurt a few times a week. I've worked out my plan; see if you can come up with some low-fat dairy options you'll enjoy, too. |
| Participants who made lifestyle changes, including 30 minutes a day of exercise (usually walking or other moderate-intensity exercise) and a low-fat diet, cut their risk of type 2 diabetes by 58 percent. For people age 60 and older, these lifestyle changes reduced the development of diabetes by a whopping 71 percent. Most people in this group also lost 5 to 7 percent of their body weight, which computes to 9 to 12 pounds for a 180-pound person.
DIABETES 101
Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not properly produce or use insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas. |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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 In cases of elevated cholesterol, it is used as part of a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet. precautions and adverse reactions
No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction with the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages.
Caution is advised for patients taking Vitamin A who ingest large amounts of carob foods. drug interactions
MODERATE RISK
Digoxin: Concurrent use may result in increased digoxin toxicity. Clinical Management: Monitor closely for symptoms of digoxin toxicity and consider measuring serum. digoxin. |
Gary Null and Amy McDonald
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 Khalsa recommends a low-fat diet. Vitamin and mineral supplements provide "an all-purpose insurance policy." Other beneficial substances include ginkgo, which enhances circulation to the micro capillaries, oxygenating the tissues in the brain; coenzyme Q10, "a very energetic cofactor that works in the brain's power plant, the mitochondria"; and old-style phosphatidyl serine (PS) from bovine brains, as well as newer types of PS synthesized from soybeans.
"Everything I've talked about is regenerating or protective, not stimulating," Dr. Khalsa says. |
Elaine Magee
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| CALCIUM, VITAMIN D, AND A low-fat diet TO EASE PMS DISTRESS
Got PMS? Many of you will answer yes because, according to some estimates, about two-thirds of women report regular premenstrual discomfort, with about one-third seeking; help from a health care provider. And about 3 to 8 percent of women experience severe impairment called premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
These pesky and sometimes debilitating PMS symptoms occur between ovulation and the start of your period. |
Michael T. Murray and Michael R. Lyon
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 Let's take a look at this equation:
Predisposition to obesity due to decreased diet-induced thermogenesis
+ Increased sensitivity to weight-gain promoting effects of a high-fat diet
+ Consumption of a high-fat diet + Lack of exercise = Obesity
Perhaps more important than consuming a low-fat diet to promote weight loss is making sure that the diet is composed of the right types of fats. Specifically, monounsaturated fats and sources of medium chain triglycerides can help promote diet-induced thermogenesis and weight loss. |
Rick Levy and Lou Aronica
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 This method works best in concert with a healthy, balanced lifestyle that includes a low-fat diet and exercise. It will facilitate your weight loss goals but will not replace common sense or compensate for self-destructive behaviors like binge eating.
In this case, we will use direct suggestion combined with guided healing imagery to "convince" your subconscious mind to engage only in healthy behaviors that support your weight loss objectives. There are many good diet and exercise plans available. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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 For these reasons, a low-fat diet (less than 30% energy from fat) is currently the typical recommended macronutrient guideline for weight loss [5, 47]. Because diabetes and cardiovascular disease are frequent comorbidities of obesity, it is also recommended to modify the fat content of the diet to be low in saturated and trans-fatty acids, and higher in mono-unsaturated fats [48]. |
| Patients should be advised to maintain a low-fat diet while using the medication, because these side effects increase with diets that have over 30% energy from fat. In general, these events tend to decrease over time.
Mean plasma levels of vitamins A, D, E, and (3-carotene were monitored during the trials. In general, plasma levels of these vitamins decreased but remained in the reference ranges [104, 105]; however, in the United States, a multivitamin supplement is recommended for patients prescribed orlistat and should be taken 2 hours before or after the dose of orlistat. |
Dr. Steven R. Gundry
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| Almost all of these folks, including me, transitioned to a relatively low-fat diet, regardless of their initial weight-loss strategy.
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
So, it's time again to slowly evolve your habits: decrease the density of the food and increase the volume of calorie-sparse food you eat so that it speeds through your system, turns off the hunger switch, and lowers your metabolism. This means gradually eating less meat, poultry, fish, and cheese and fewer grains and legumes. Want an easy way to remember this? Most cooked animal protein, grains, and legumes are brown in color. |
Ann M. Coulston and Carol J. Boushey
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| Its OTC indication promotes weight loss in overweight adults when used along with a reduced-energy and low-fat diet. The OTC 60-mg dose of orlistat inhibits absorption of approximately 25% of ingested fats [99]. In contrast, the prescription dose of 120 mg blocks the absorption of about 30% of the fat consumed in a meal that contains approximately 30% fat. Similar to the 120-mg orlistat studies, significantly greater weight loss was observed with an orlistat dosage of 60 mg plus diet compared to placebo plus diet in overweight and obese patients [106-108]. Weight losses in the range of 4. |
| The composition of the diet may be less important, although much data favor a low-fat diet for weight-loss maintenance [27]. It is not surprising that physical activity is important for weight-loss maintenance. Weight loss is accompanied by a decline in energy requirements, so that the amount of energy needed to achieve energy balance is lower after weight loss than before. Keeping weight off by diet alone means continuous food restriction for most people, and this seems to be difficult. |
| A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity. N. Engl, J. Med. 348, 2074-2081.
182. Skov, A. R., Toubro, S., Ronn, B., Holm, L., and Astrup, A. (1999). Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 23, 528-536.
183. Stern, L., Iqbal, N., Seshadri, P., et al. (2004). The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: one-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 140, 778-785.
.184. Worthington, B. S., and Taylor, L. |
Michael T. Murray and Michael R. Lyon
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| Most of the participants reported eating a relatively low-fat diet and nearly all reported eating breakfast almost every day. They also weigh themselves regularly and have a plan if their weight hits a certain maximum point. Finally, the majority of these successful long-term "losers" engage in high levels of physical activity for at least an hour every day. The lesson to be learned from this landmark study? No matter what the tabloid ads tell you, diet and exercise are both essential if you want to enjoy long-term weight control! |
Thomson Healthcare, Inc.
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| Ingestion of an ALA-rich, low-fat diet for 23 days by healthy young men more than doubled levels of EPA in subjects taking 40 g per day of flaxseed oil (p<0.05, n=5) while EPA remained unchanged in those taking sunflower seed oil (n=6). As a result, the EPA:arachidonic acid ratio increased in the flaxseed group. The aggregation response induced by collagen decreased in the flaxseed-oil group (p less than 0.05) (Allman et al, 1995).
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Neither flaxseed nor safflower oil improved symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in a double-blind comparison of the nutrients. |
James Dowd and Diane Stafford
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 This makes you lose more weight—and sustain the loss—than you would if you ate a high-carb or a low-fat diet.
The basics to take away from these studies of weight-loss programs are two simple facts:
1. To lose weight, you have to be able to stay on the program.
2. To stay on the program, you have to feel satisfied on the program. Calcium also is linked to satiety, and people who take in a great deal of calcium often have a lower body mass index. |
Gabriel Cousens
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 My clinical experience over some thirty-five years has been that a raw-food, low-fat diet with the use of food enzymes and supplemental digestive enzymes has been very effective in the treatment of adult Type-2 diabetes. Cooking affects weight gain as well. Research has found that if raw potatoes are fed to hogs they won't gain weight, but when fed cooked potatoes they gain weight.
In his book Food Enzymes for Health and Longevity, Dr. Howell describes a study at Tufts School of Medicine related to weight gain and inadequate enzymes. |
Elaine Magee
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| This was followed by a human trial of postoperative bypass patients with high triglyceride levels who were put on a very low-fat diet (the standard for fighting heart disease), but one group was given red or white grapefruit every day for 30 days. The grapefruit eaters, in general, had lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. However, only those eating the red grapefruit enjoyed a 17 percent decrease in serum triglycerides, compared with the control group. |
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